Exploring The Universe Next Door

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Stephen Crane, known for The Red Badge of Courage, wrote in a poem: "If I should cast off this tattered coat, And go free into the night sky; If I should find nothing there But a vast, Echoless, ignorant--What then?" In other words, if there is no meaning or purpose behind the universe, what do we do about it? These are worldview questions; they seek to understand reality and our place in it.

In my previous post about 520: World History and Worldview Studies, I wrote about two of the books in the Bible portion. In this post I'll briefly look at one other book included in 520--The Universe Next Door.

First published in 1976, The Universe Next Door is now in its fifth edition, which was released in 2009. It's one of the finest Christian introductions to worldview studies available, covering naturalism, existentialism, pantheism, postmodernism, and more. Sire uses the Crane quote above to introduce the topic of nihilism--a worldview that sees no meaning to the universe and, as a result, ends in despair.

In his survey of worldviews, Sire asks eight important questions about each viewpoint he addresses:

1. What is prime reality--the really real?
2. What is the nature of external reality, that is, the world around us?
3. What is a human being?
4. What happens to a person at death?
5. Why is it possible to know anything at all?
6. How do we know what is right and wrong?
7. What is the meaning of human history?
8. What personal, life-orienting core commitments are consistent with this worldview?

Using these eight questions, Sire carefully explores nine worldviews. Although he approaches the subject as a Christian author, Sire does a fine job of fairly presenting each worldview, seeking to understand how each viewpoint makes sense of reality.

In addition to scheduling The Universe Next Door so that the worldviews it addresses are discussed as they arise in history, we've also included extensive supplemental notes on the book in 520: World History and Worldview Studies.

Socrates said, "The unexamined life is not worth living." The Universe Next Door calls readers to the examined life, which includes understanding the various worldviews that are before us.

Robert Velarde
Author/Educator/Philosopher

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Springtime Musings

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DSCN2383March is such a funny month in regards to weather. One day it is snowy and cold, and then next day is sunny and warm with snow-melt puddles everywhere. Best of all, spring has officially arrived! I've been rejoicing in the tulip leaves I see poking up through the soft ground, and the tiny green buds appearing on the trees in the backyard. And we've been watching with interest the two wildlife couples who live in our neighborhood. Mr. & Mrs. Red Squirrel and Mr. & Mrs. Brown Bunny scamper through our yard on a frequent basis. My daughter insists that they are definitely married, and we are hoping they bring their babies around when they  make their arrival.

These early spring days make me want to pull out the mud boots and gather the children for a nature walk. I have read about the Charlotte Mason-style nature walks and I think that just sounds like such a wonderful memory-making activity. I always had good intentions that we would do that on a regular basis. Now that my youngest daughter is about to graduate I thought back to all the nature walks we used to go on when the children were young. We would set out with our journals and pencils in hand and enjoy a leisurely walk through the woods observing all the minute details around us. To the best of my memory, we actually did that exactly once!

It was a muddy, warm spring day much like this one. We drove to a nearby nature trail. The children were excited to get out and run. I tried to explain what our objective was, that we were to slow down and find interesting things to draw in our journals. So they helped me search for journal-worthy objects along the trail. Our most interesting find that day was an owl pellet. We also found some small pine cones and a few tiny flowers under the leaves. But I don't remember that we actually ended up drawing much in our journals. Which is too bad, because it seems like that would have made a nice keepsake. Except none of us are very good at drawing. So it's probably just as well.

While that was the only time I remember setting aside the academics on a school day to have a "nature walk" it really wasn't the only time we spent in the woods. My family enjoys camping and hiking. Every spring we are eager for the snow to melt so the camping season can begin. Our camping trips almost always involve a hike or two.

Now that the girls are older they like to take their cameras along on our hikes. With all three of us taking pictures it's so interesting to later compare the shots we got. It's almost like seeing through someone else's eyes. I wonder if Charlotte Mason would count that as nature-journaling? In any case, it works for us!

Enjoying the adventure,
~Karla Cook
Lifelong Learner

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The Speed at which You Read

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I read slowly. I find myself taking in each word, one at a time. I often pause between sentences and paragraphs to let what I've just ingested soak into my mind, coloring the way I think. Often, when reading a fascinating book, I'll stop mid-chapter to give my psyche a chance to integrate this new information.

This does not work with most textbooks. Each page is filled with fluff and filler, long-winded sentences -- so full of needless complexity and obscure lexicon that ingesting the coursework requires intemperate industry merely to stay on topic (let alone acquire actionable appreciation of the material on hand), and boring writing that shoves each unexplored universe of human experience into a narcoleptic hypnosis of emptiness, punctuated now and again by boxes with highlighted text that may, or -- just as likely -- may not, appear on our next test. I did very poorly in my college history classes for this very reason. I required no sleep aids. From an academic standpoint, this was the hardest part of adjusting to classrooms from Sonlight: Rarely did I encounter the richness of what I knew from homeschooling.

Blogs have taught me to skim.

And I totally understand the far-off look of experiencing a novel for pleasure, where the process of decoding words is simply the mechanism by which we discover the story. In those cases, the faster I read, the better.

Which is why I've always been interested in speed reading. I would love to be able to get through more content without fatigue setting in. And today I bumped into Spritz. I wish I could embed it in the blog here for you to try out in a live setting. The ideas behind Spritz are excellent; I find it much easier to use than a more generic speed reading tool. I'm not at all convinced it would help with conversational writing, but it worked great for the articles on their site.

Even when I will be able to embed such a tool in my browser, there will still be books and blogs I will wish to savor. Reading speed is one thing, comprehension another, but both miss out on the third element of written communication: Application. I can follow a line of thought as well-placed words flutter before my eyes, but I need time to let those ideas shape me.

This is one reason, I believe, we are urged to meditate on God's Word (such as in Joshua 1:8). Understanding the text is one thing; determining how to put it into practice is something else entirely. And, for certain kinds of material, we need to spend some time with it. In those situations, I'm glad I read slowly.

Do you ever spend time mulling stuff over while you read? Are you a speed reader? Have you found a tool -- online or elsewhere -- that has helped you mow through more material when needed?

 ~Luke Holzmann
Filmmaker, Writer, Guardian

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Why in the World Would You Homeschool High Schoolers?

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Think homeschooling stops at middle school? Think again. Explore why homeschooling your high schooler may be the best decision you make for them as well as yourself.

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Strong

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There is something really special about a well-written missionary biography. The story, amazing. The struggles, breathtaking. The triumph of the Lord, it just makes you want to lift your hands and shout, "Glory!"

Here are a couple of missionaries that I have recently read about that were very encouraging.*

I read one about a Japanese pastor who lived during WWII. During that time he was called up to be an interpreter in a POW camp since he spoke English. While there, he witnessed horrible brutalities against the POWs and decided that, while he was Japanese and was rooting for his country to win the war, he could not participate in the beatings or cruelty. Instead, he would do whatever he could to help those in need (like smuggle in medicines), pray with the prisoners, and be a gentle face in the crowd of anger and hate. By doing this he lived out his faith and loved his neighbor as himself.

I really appreciated this man's testimony because it spoke of his fear. Sometimes he even felt paralyzed by it, but he doggedly continued. He knew what he was doing was right and believed that God would protect him. At the end of the war, his wife and daughter were both killed in the bombing of Hiroshima. There was no trace of his home, or them, to be found.

His was a great example of laying your life down for God, and, regardless of what He asks, or allows to happen to you, choosing to say, "You are still good and I will follow you."

Another missionary I read about fought back against the sex trade in Chinatown during the turn of the century. She, as a single woman, would get up at any time day or night and go on a rescue. She stood unwaveringly and fought back against those who would seek to recapture the women. She lived through the San Francisco earthquake, and when she and the ladies had to quickly evacuate, she realized later that they had neglected to bring the papers showing that the woman were free. So, she went back. Back into danger, fire and looting. Back into an unsafe building. Because she believed that freedom was more important.

These are just two of the thousands and thousands of people who have laid their lives down for the gospel. People who experience suffering and despair, but instead of crumpling, find themselves pulling on their Everlasting Lord and standing strong. I find it amazing and heartening.

I read this quote from another collection of stories about missionaries and it really jumped out at me:

Ministry life is often fraught with disappointment. God sometimes allows what seem to be horrendously unfair, sinful, or terrifying circumstances — even major breakdowns in relationships with fellow believers (see Paul and Barnabas in the book of Acts) — in order to move his people into places they would never have considered going before. He has to make the current situation completely untenable, almost physically break Christians out of their comfort zones, before they will leave what is known for the unknown, their dreams for his.

Over the years, and through the biographies I've read I've often questioned how God could let his people struggle like that. Why not pave their lives in gold and have them preach it? But, reading that, and knowing how much my own life has changed with my struggles, I see just a bit why God allows these things to happen.

This is supposed to be an encouraging post, so I'll end with this: through all our valleys and dark places we wander, God is with us. He might be pointing us in a new, difficult, undreamt of place, but he is guiding and leading us. May it be, that while we might not have biographies written about us, if we did, they would bring encouragement and peace to all who read.

Blessings!
Jonelle

*The above biographies will not show up in future Sonlight programs as our review team didn't feel they were up to the Sonlight standard for various reasons. But the stories of these missionaries (and many others!) are definitely worth telling. If you are looking for excellent biographies about missionaries, I encourage you to check out Core F for a great selection of books about remarkable people walking before the Lord. I loved going through that year and the most memorable part were the missionary biographies.

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Living Amidst Magic

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We've been studying 2 Kings, specifically the life of Elisha the prophet. Shocking, to me, is how many times Elisha does things that borrow from the magical realm of the Ancient Near East (learn more in the IVP Bible Background Commentary).

  • Purifying the waters of Jericho using salt ...salt was used in purification rituals.
  • Raising the child to life by laying on him ...miracle workers touched the afflicted part of the body.
  • Cleansing the stew of poison with flour ...also used for purification rituals.
  • Having Naaman dip in the river ...flowing water was a known location to bring healing.*
  • Causing the axe head to float by throwing a stick in the river ...exhibits transference magic where the properties of one item are taken on by another.
  • Even having Joash do things with arrows (shoot them and strike the ground) echoes of divination.

This reminds me of Rebecca LuElla Miller's post on Daniel as the Chief Magician of Babylon.

And today, today is Saint Patrick's Day. This is a holiday to celebrate a Christian missionary. I think that's super cool. So while I don't wear green -- or orange; yet so often find myself in the historically relevant blue -- I love that, at heart, today is a day about missions.

Shamrock
Shamrock

And, it seems, Patrick also embraced magic. It makes sense. Like Christ who embraced our humanity, God loves to communicate with us in ways that we can understand (the one idea I liked from the original trailer of Aronofsky's Noah flick).

I don't find the non-Christian and post-Christian kids I hang out with are much interested in magic. They're more drawn to science and pop-philosophy. I count it a privilege that my Sonlight education prepared me both academically and philosophically for this. I'm always open to learning more and I'm not at all afraid of encountering challenging ideas. I can engage with the thinking of today and find ways to connect it to Christ. And, as if the KJV joke were factual and not farce, if it's good enough for Paul, such an approach is good enough for me.

 ~Luke Holzmann
Filmmaker, Writer, Guardian

* Naaman's complaint that Elisha didn't come wave his hand over the spot seems to refer to the practice of magicians standing on the river bank and chanting while waving their hands in a circular motion. Elisha didn't feel the need to do this, proving that -- while doing something contextual to the culture -- the power of his God was far more amazing. Fascinating!

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Musings on Missions, Schisms, and Tolerance

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Adventures in Odyssey has a great line about tolerance. Frustrated, one of the characters says, "I will not tolerate your intolerance!" It's one of the many brilliant moments I remember from the radio show of my childhood.

Huh
Intolerant of Intolerance

Tolerance has a bad rap in my ideological neighborhood. There are solid reasons to dislike it; passivity, permissiveness, and even promotion of sin run wild in these woods. While many who embrace tolerance talk about grace, few discuss the reason for why we all need it. Thus, grace becomes a graciousness toward others (a good thing!) and misses out on the amazing work of Christ to save us sinners (an even more amazing thing!).

But as I revisit The Troubles of Ireland in Gladwell's David and Goliath, tolerance doesn't seem like such a bad thing. Granted, the problem was a mixing of politics and religion -- which happens all too frequently; it was not purely rooted in the Schism of the Church. But what if, instead of clinging tightly to our way, our ideals, our understanding of truth, we adopted a bit of <gasp> tolerance?

What would that look like?

It may look a bit like Lent, actually. It's a Catholic thing, so me -- a Protestant -- is rather disconnected from this beautiful and historically rich tradition. I loved Brianna Heldt's defense of Lent blog post. It was a good reminder that my particular "flavor" of Christianity could learn something from my brothers and sisters in Christ; brothers and sisters I would have killed in the streets as a teenager in Ireland.

This reminds me of my own tendency to forget the humanity of people around me. And while it is true that love is a far higher calling than tolerance, they do overlap in a venn diagram. Missionaries, for instance, choose to enter a society they believe is misled in the hope of sharing the love of Christ. They do this not by loudly proclaiming the moral failings of the people they encounter, but by gently showing the beauty of Christ's love for us.

In many ways, tolerance can give us a moment to learn about others so we can diffuse tension. This is a big part of why Sonlight presents multiple views.

Do you do anything for Lent? Have you been challenged by the tension and overlap of love and tolerance? Have you seen anything about missions recently that has encouraged you to continue to seek ways to be unified with the family of Christ around the globe?

 ~Luke Holzmann
Filmmaker, Writer, Guardian

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